Electric arc welding



meme Feb. 12, 1935 Milwaukee,

Smith Corporation,

Wia, m...

corporation of New York No Drawing. A

pplicatlon m 31,1020, Serial Renewed June 19, 1933 16 Claims. (Cl. zit-a) and has for its principal object a metal weldrod which will produce a gaseous atmosphere at the arc for giving desirable welding does not have as hydrogen, to the arc whereby the metal of the. weldrod, which is progressively projected through the arc, is protected from oxidation and contamin rate or welding, ease of manipulation and quality of deposit.

embodiment, the metal weldrod is provided with hydrogen occluded therein. The occluded hydrothe resistance of the arc to an extent requiring increased .currentrvaluesioregoodwelding. For

trode at which nascent hydrogen is liberated from the electrolyte.

- The penetration of the hydrogen into the steel the weldrod depends upon the metal of the weldrod and the carbon steels.

The hydrogen, when once absorbed by the steel, does not ordinarily escape and the weldrods may be kept for substantial periods of time without However, it is preferable voltage. a

It is preferable to apply the welding current to instance, whereas in commercial welding 'prac-"the-weidrod"at a point'sufllclently to the tices with ordinary metal weldrods heretofore employed the are potential has generally not exceeded'twenty-flve volts and the welding currents ranged from about one hundred amperes for one-- eighthinch weldrods to about three hundred amperes as a maximum for one-fourth inch amperes for one-eighth inch weldrods to about four hundred amperes for onei'ourth inch weldrods. The welding energy may be more than double that employed in ordinary of the weldrod, cated may be employed.

The weldrod comprises ordinary steel or other suitable welding metal and the hydrogen is occluded therein by any suitable treatment such as subjecting the weldrod to a prolonged pickling operation in an acid, preterably inthe absence of are to prevent undue heating or the weldrod by its resistance to the flow of the current, since heating of the metal of the rod tends to i'orce the hydrogen therefrom and thereby prevent its liberation at the are.

when used without a covering, for the purposes of handling, the same as a bare wire and retains all of the advantages thereof, and has the added welding characteristics of a covered weldrod of case when ordinary bare wireelectrodes are employed. This permits a welder to hold a longer are without any loss in emcienoy or rate of deposit. The ease oi! holding an arc with the hydrogen gas present, and the wide range of arc length permitted are material advantages in bare wire welding. The increased electrical energy employed efiects a higher rate of deposit per welding time and thereby efiects considerable saving and economy in welding operations.

Various modifications of the invention maybe employed within the scope of the accompanying claims.

I claim:

1. The method of electric arc welding which comprises the step of maintaining a welding arc between the work to be welded and a metal weldrod having a. substantial amount of hydrogen occluded therein .while supplying said arc with current of high value.

2. The method of electric arc welding which comprises arcing between the work and a steel rod which contains a substantial amount of hydrogen occluded therein, and maintaining a current of high value through the arc.

3. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a ferrous metal rod and hydrogen occluded in the metal, the hydrogen being at least that which may be occluded by subjecting a like ferrous metal.

rod to pickling in an acid in the absence of an inhibitor.

4. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a carbon steel rod and hydrogen occluded in the steel, the hydrogen being at least that which may be occluded in steel by subjecting a like steel rod to prolonged pickling in an acid in the absence of an inhibitor.

5. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a ferrous metal rod having hydrogen occluded in the metal and a covering for preventing the untimely liberation of hydrogen, the hydrogen being at least that which may be occluded by subjecting alike ferrous metal rod to pickling in acid in the absence of an inhibitor.

6. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a carbon steel rod and hydrogen occluded in the steel, the hydrogen being at least that which may be occluded in a like steel rod in the absence of an inhibitor by electrolysis of an electrolytic bath when the rod constitutes an electrode 'where nascent hydrogen is liberated.

'7. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising almetal rod having occluded therein an amount ludedbypickingthe a of hydrogen that ma in e a ence of an inhibitor, and a covering on said rod tending to prevent untimely liberation ofsaid hydrogen.

'the rate and efliciency of deposit of weld metal therefrom.

11. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a ferrous metal rod having a substantial amount of hydrogen occluded therein, and a heavy covering of carbohydrate material and sodium silicate.

12. A metallic arc welding electrode for use with positive polarity comprising a bare ferrous metal rod having hydrogen occluded therein in an amount to obtain a more uniform efliciency of depositirrespective of variations in amperage.

and voltage at the arc.

13. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a ferrous metal rod containing in solution therein an amount of hydrogen that may be occluded by prolonged pickling of the rod, and a covering containing slag forming ingredients and adapted to prevent untimely liberation of the hydrogen.

14. The method of manufacturing electrodes for electric arc welding comprising subjecting a ferrous metal rod of suitable dimensions for the welding operation to a treatment in which nascent hydrogen is liberated at the surface of the rod, said treatment being for a suflicient length of time so that hydrogen is occluded in the rod in suflicient amounts to increase the efficiency and rate of deposit of arc welding metal from the rod.

15. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a metal rod or wire having substantial amounts of hydrogen occluded thereinto give improved welding characteristics thereto.

16. A metallic arc welding electrode comprising a metal rod or wire having a...substantial ering on said rod tending to prevent untimely liberation of said hydrogen.

ORR-1N E. ANDRUS.

amuntcthydrogenoccludd therein and a V 

